Why Is Your Cat Coughing or Making Choking Noises? Causes and Solutions Explained

Introduction

As a pet owner, hearing your cat cough or make choking noises can be unsettling. Whether it’s a mild coughing sound or a more severe gagging noise, these symptoms often leave cat parents worried about their pet’s health. While some causes are relatively
benign, others could signal a more serious medical condition. In this article, we’ll explore why your cat might be coughing or making choking sounds, possible causes, and what you can do to help your furry friend.

Understanding the Basics: Why Do Cats Cough or Choke?

Before we dive into the possible reasons behind your cat’s coughing or choking noises, it’s essential to understand that coughing and choking are two different actions. While they may sound similar, they have different causes and implications.

• Coughing: Coughing in cats is a reflex action to clear the throat or airways of irritants, such as dust, mucus, or foreign objects. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from infections to allergies.

• Choking: Choking occurs when an object gets stuck in the cat’s airway, preventing normal breathing. This is often accompanied by signs of distress, such as pawing at the mouth, open-mouth breathing, or difficulty swallowing.

While coughing is relatively common and may not always be a sign of something serious, choking requires immediate attention, as it can be life-threatening.

Common Causes of Coughing or Choking in Cats

1. Hairballs

Hairballs are one of the most common reasons cats cough or make choking noises. Cats groom themselves by licking their fur, which can lead to the ingestion of hair. Ingested hair can accumulate in the stomach or digestive tract, and when it irritates
the stomach lining, the cat may cough or attempt to expel it. Hairballs are typically not a serious issue, but frequent or severe cases may indicate underlying health concerns.

What to do:

• Regular grooming can reduce the amount of hair your cat ingests.
• Consider feeding your cat specialized hairball control diets that promote healthy digestion.

2. Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections, both viral and bacterial, can cause coughing, sneezing, and wheezing in cats. Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are particularly common in kittens, but they can affect cats of all ages. If your cat is also showing other signs
like nasal discharge, loss of appetite, or lethargy, it might be suffering from an infection.

What to do:

• If you suspect an infection, a vet visit is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment.
• Ensure your cat stays hydrated, as respiratory infections can lead to dehydration.

3. Asthma

Feline asthma is another potential cause of coughing in cats. This condition occurs when the airways become inflamed and narrow, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing episodes. Asthma can be triggered by allergens, such as dust, pollen, or smoke.
While it’s a chronic condition, it can often be managed with medication and environmental changes.

What to do:

• Consult a veterinarian to get a proper diagnosis.
• Your vet may prescribe medications like corticosteroids or bronchodilators to control asthma symptoms.

4. Allergies

Just like humans, cats can suffer from allergies. Environmental allergens, such as dust mites, mold, or pollen, can irritate the respiratory system and lead to coughing, sneezing, and wheezing. If your cat is coughing seasonally or in specific environments,
allergies may be to blame.

What to do:

• Try to identify the allergen. If the symptoms appear during certain seasons, it may be seasonal allergies.
• Use air purifiers in your home to reduce allergens and consult your vet for antihistamines or allergy medications.

5. Heartworm Disease

Although heartworm disease is more common in dogs, it can also affect cats. This parasitic infection can cause coughing, wheezing, and other respiratory symptoms. If left untreated, heartworms can cause serious damage to the heart and lungs, making prompt
treatment essential.

What to do:

• Regular heartworm prevention is crucial for cats in areas where heartworms are prevalent.
• If your cat is showing respiratory symptoms, visit your veterinarian for a blood test to rule out heartworm disease.

6. Foreign Objects

Sometimes, a choking noise in cats is caused by a foreign object obstructing the throat or airway. Cats are naturally curious and may swallow small objects or get something stuck in their throat while eating or playing. If your cat is making choking noises
and appears to be struggling to breathe, it’s important to act quickly.

What to do:

• If your cat is choking and showing signs of distress, try to open their mouth and gently remove the object if possible.
• If you cannot remove the object, rush your cat to the vet immediately or to an emergency animal clinic.

7. Lung Disease or Tumors

In rare cases, coughing in cats can be due to more severe conditions like lung disease, tumors, or even cancer. Tumors or growths in the respiratory system can obstruct airways, leading to coughing and choking noises. If your cat’s coughing is persistent
and doesn’t seem to improve, it’s essential to seek veterinary care.

What to do:

• Early diagnosis through x-rays or CT scans can help detect tumors or lung issues.
• Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy, depending on the diagnosis.

8. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

GERD, or acid reflux, can occur in cats when stomach acids flow backward into the esophagus. This condition can cause coughing or gagging, especially after eating or drinking. GERD can be exacerbated by obesity, certain medications, or other gastrointestinal
issues.

What to do:

• Manage your cat’s weight and feed smaller, more frequent meals to reduce the risk of acid reflux.
• Consult your vet for medications that can help control GERD and reduce discomfort.

How to Recognize When Your Cat Needs Immediate Attention

While some coughing or gagging episodes in cats are mild and self-limiting, there are instances when you should seek immediate veterinary help. Be on the lookout for the following signs:

• Difficulty breathing: If your cat is struggling to breathe or appears to be gasping for air, this could be a sign of a severe respiratory issue.
• Persistent coughing: If your cat is coughing frequently or consistently over several days, it’s time to visit the vet.
• Gagging and pawing at the mouth: This can indicate choking, and you should attempt to clear the airway immediately or seek emergency care.
• Lethargy and loss of appetite: If your cat seems unusually tired or refuses to eat, these could be signs of a serious illness requiring prompt treatment.

Preventive Measures and Care for Cats with Coughing or Choking Issues

• Regular veterinary check-ups: Regular visits to the vet are crucial to monitor your cat’s overall health and detect any underlying issues early.
• Proper nutrition: A balanced diet can help prevent obesity, support a healthy immune system, and reduce the risk of certain health conditions.
• Environmental management: Keep your cat’s environment clean by using air purifiers, keeping litter boxes fresh, and reducing exposure to allergens.
• Grooming: Regular brushing can help prevent hairballs and reduce the likelihood of coughing due to ingested fur.

Conclusion

Coughing and choking noises in cats can be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from simple hairballs to more serious respiratory issues. While some cases may be relatively harmless, others may require medical attention to ensure your cat’s health
and well-being. As a pet owner, it’s essential to monitor your cat’s symptoms closely, consult with your veterinarian when necessary, and take preventive measures to reduce the risk of future health issues. By staying vigilant and proactive, you can
help ensure your cat enjoys a long, healthy, and happy life.

FAQ

1. Can hairballs cause choking in cats?Yes, if a hairball becomes large enough, it can obstruct your cat’s throat and lead to choking or gagging.

2. What should I do if my cat is choking?If your cat is choking and cannot breathe, you should immediately attempt to remove the object or rush them to the vet.

3. Is feline asthma curable?Feline asthma is a chronic condition that cannot be cured but can be effectively managed with medication and lifestyle adjustments.

4. How can I prevent my cat from getting respiratory infections?Keep your cat’s living area clean, ensure they are up-to-date on vaccinations, and avoid exposure to other sick animals.