Why Is My Dog Dry Heaving and Coughing? Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
Introduction: Understanding Dog Dry Heaving and Coughing
As a pet parent, seeing your dog dry heaving and coughing can be concerning. While occasional coughing is often harmless, persistent dry heaving or coughing may indicate an underlying health problem. This article explores the common causes, symptoms,
and treatment options for dogs that experience dry heaving and coughing, offering valuable insights to help you care for your pet.
What Is Dry Heaving?
Dry heaving is the involuntary act of attempting to vomit without bringing anything up. Unlike vomiting, which results in the expulsion of food or stomach contents, dry heaving often produces only a retching sound and may appear uncomfortable for your
dog. This can be accompanied by coughing, which may further complicate the situation and confuse pet owners.
Causes of Dog Dry Heaving and Coughing
Several factors can contribute to dry heaving and coughing in dogs, ranging from minor issues to serious medical conditions. Understanding the potential causes is key to determining the appropriate course of action for your pet.
1. Kennel Cough (Bordetella Bronchiseptica)
Kennel cough is one of the most common causes of coughing in dogs. It is a contagious respiratory disease caused by a bacterial infection, often characterized by a dry, honking cough. While kennel cough typically resolves with time, severe cases can lead
to complications like pneumonia, requiring medical intervention.
Symptoms:
- Dry, hacking cough
- Gagging or retching
- Lethargy or decreased appetite
Treatment:
- Rest and hydration
- Cough suppressants (prescribed by a vet)
- Antibiotics if a secondary infection occurs
2. Collapsing Trachea
Collapsing trachea is a progressive condition in which the tracheal rings lose their rigidity, causing the airway to collapse, especially when the dog coughs. This condition is more common in small breeds like Chihuahuas and Yorkies. The coughing is often
dry and may be accompanied by wheezing or labored breathing.
Symptoms:
- Persistent dry cough, especially during excitement or exercise
- Difficulty breathing
- Gagging or retching, especially after drinking or eating
Treatment:
- Weight management to reduce pressure on the trachea
- Anti-cough medications
- In severe cases, surgery may be required
3. Heart Disease
Heart disease, especially in older dogs, can cause coughing due to fluid accumulation in the lungs or congestion in the respiratory system. When the heart isn’t pumping effectively, blood can back up into the lungs, leading to coughing and difficulty
breathing.
Symptoms:
- Persistent coughing, particularly at night
- Fatigue and lethargy
- Rapid or labored breathing
- Loss of appetite or weight loss
Treatment:
- Medications to manage heart function and reduce fluid buildup
- Diuretics to eliminate excess fluid in the lungs
- Diet and lifestyle changes
4. Parasites (Heartworms and Lungworms)
Parasites like heartworms and lungworms can infect the respiratory system, causing coughing and dry heaving. Heartworms are transmitted by mosquitoes, while lungworms are typically spread by ingesting contaminated feces or prey.
Symptoms:
- Persistent cough, often worse after exercise
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Weight loss and lethargy
Treatment:
- Heartworm prevention via monthly medications
- Specific treatments for lungworm infections (antiparasitic medications)
- Regular vet check-ups for parasite screening
5. Allergies
Dogs can suffer from allergies just like humans. Environmental allergens such as pollen, dust, mold, or cigarette smoke can cause respiratory issues like coughing and dry heaving. These allergens can irritate the throat and respiratory passages, triggering
a cough.
Symptoms:
- Frequent coughing and sneezing
- Watery eyes or itchy skin
- Sniffing or licking of paws
Treatment:
- Allergy medications (antihistamines or steroids)
- Avoidance of allergens
- Regular grooming to remove allergens from fur
6. Foreign Object or Obstruction
If your dog has inhaled a foreign object or food that has become lodged in the airway, it can lead to coughing and dry heaving. Objects such as small toys, bones, or even food particles can obstruct the trachea, causing a dry cough as your dog attempts
to clear it.
Symptoms:
- Sudden onset of coughing or gagging
- Drooling or pawing at the mouth
- Difficulty swallowing or breathing
Treatment:
- Seek emergency veterinary care immediately
- A veterinarian may need to sedate your dog and remove the foreign object
7. Respiratory Infections
Just like kennel cough, respiratory infections caused by viruses or bacteria can cause dry coughing and heaving. Infections such as canine influenza or pneumonia can lead to inflammation in the lungs and airways, resulting in persistent coughing.
Symptoms:
- Coughing, wheezing, or sneezing
- Fever and nasal discharge
- Lethargy and loss of appetite
Treatment:
- Antibiotics (for bacterial infections)
- Antiviral medications (for viral infections)
- Rest and supportive care
8. Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)
Dogs can suffer from gastroesophageal reflux, which occurs when stomach acid moves up into the esophagus. This condition can cause irritation, coughing, and dry heaving, especially after eating or drinking. Dogs with GERD often exhibit symptoms after
lying down or in response to eating a large meal.
Symptoms:
- Dry heaving or retching, especially after eating
- Vomiting or regurgitation
- Excessive drooling or discomfort
Treatment:
- Antacid medications prescribed by a vet
- Smaller, more frequent meals
- Avoiding heavy exercise immediately after meals
9. Canine Distemper
Canine distemper is a viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. This disease often starts with symptoms similar to a cold or kennel cough but can progress to more severe issues.
Symptoms:
- Severe coughing and dry heaving
- Nasal discharge and fever
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Seizures and neurological symptoms (in advanced cases)
Treatment:
- No cure for distemper, but supportive care can help
- Vaccination is the best preventive measure
Diagnosing the Cause of Coughing and Dry Heaving
If your dog is experiencing dry heaving and coughing, it is important to consult your veterinarian. Your vet will perform a thorough examination and may recommend several diagnostic tests, including:
- X-rays to check for heart disease or foreign objects
- Blood tests to identify infections, parasites, or organ function issues
- Endoscopy to examine the airways for blockages or abnormalities
- Echocardiogram to assess heart function and rule out heart disease
Early diagnosis is crucial in ensuring that your dog receives the appropriate treatment and has the best chance for a full recovery.
Treatment Options for Dogs with Dry Heaving and Coughing
Treatment for dry heaving and coughing depends on the underlying cause. For minor issues like kennel cough or allergies, your veterinarian may recommend rest, hydration, and medications to ease symptoms. In more severe cases, such as heart disease or
respiratory infections, specialized treatments, such as antibiotics, heart medications, or surgery, may be necessary.
Preventing Dry Heaving and Coughing in Dogs
While not all causes of dry heaving and coughing can be prevented, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk of certain conditions:
- Vaccinate your dog: Regular vaccinations can protect your dog from respiratory diseases like kennel cough, canine influenza, and distemper.
- Practice good hygiene: Keep your dog away from areas where they may be exposed to sick animals, such as kennels or dog parks.
- Control allergies: Identify and avoid common allergens, and clean your dog’s bedding and living areas regularly.
- Regular vet check-ups: Regular veterinary exams can catch health issues early, preventing complications down the road.
Conclusion: When to Seek Veterinary Care
If your dog’s dry heaving and coughing persist for more than a few days or if they show signs of distress such as labored breathing or lethargy, it’s important to seek veterinary care. Early intervention can help ensure that your dog receives the best
care possible, improving their chances of a full recovery.
By understanding the potential causes of your dog’s symptoms, you can be proactive in seeking treatment and providing the care your pet needs to stay healthy and happy.
