Why Is Your Dog Choking and Coughing? Causes, Symptoms, and What You Can Do to Help
Introduction
If you’ve ever heard your dog coughing, gagging, or making choking noises, it can be a distressing experience for both you and your pet. Choking and coughing in dogs are signs that something might be wrong with your dog’s respiratory or digestive system.
While some causes are mild and temporary, others could indicate more serious health issues. This comprehensive guide will help you understand the possible causes of choking and coughing noises in dogs, the symptoms to look out for, and most importantly,
what steps you can take to help your dog.
By the end of this article, you’ll have the knowledge to respond calmly and effectively, ensuring that your dog gets the care it needs.
Understanding the Causes of Choking and Coughing Noises in Dogs
Choking and coughing can be caused by a variety of issues, ranging from minor irritations to more serious conditions. Below are some of the most common causes:
1. Kennel Cough
Kennel cough (Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis) is one of the most common causes of coughing in dogs. It’s a highly contagious respiratory disease that affects the upper airways of dogs. It is characterized by a dry, hacking cough, which can sometimes
sound like choking or gagging.
Symptoms of Kennel Cough:
- A persistent dry, hacking cough
- Gagging or retching
- Nasal discharge (sometimes)
- Mild lethargy
Treatment:In most cases, kennel cough is self-limiting and will resolve within 2 to 3 weeks. However, if the coughing is severe or persistent, your vet may prescribe antibiotics or other treatments to prevent secondary infections.
2. Foreign Objects or Obstruction in the Throat
Dogs, especially puppies or curious breeds, often ingest objects they shouldn’t. If something becomes lodged in their throat or airway, it can cause choking or gagging sounds as the dog struggles to clear the obstruction.
Symptoms of Obstruction:
- Gagging or retching
- Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
- Pawing at the mouth or face
- Excessive drooling
- Bluish gums or tongue (a sign of severe obstruction)
Treatment:If you suspect your dog is choking, act quickly. Perform the Heimlich maneuver for dogs or seek immediate veterinary assistance. Do not attempt to remove the object unless you are sure it is within reach and safe to do so.
3. Collapsing Trachea
A collapsing trachea is a condition where the cartilage in a dog’s trachea weakens and causes it to collapse, obstructing airflow. This condition is common in small dog breeds like Chihuahuas, Yorkies, and Pomeranians.
Symptoms of Collapsing Trachea:
- A harsh, dry cough that sounds like honking
- Gagging or retching
- Difficulty breathing
- Cyanosis (bluish skin, especially around the gums)
Treatment:While collapsing trachea cannot be cured, it can be managed. Treatment options include weight management, medication to reduce inflammation, and the use of a harness instead of a collar to avoid pressure on the trachea.
4. Heart Disease
Heart disease, particularly congestive heart failure, can cause coughing and choking-like noises. Fluid may accumulate in the lungs or around the heart, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing.
Symptoms of Heart Disease:
- Persistent coughing, especially at night or after exercise
- Labored breathing
- Reduced energy or activity
- Loss of appetite or weight loss
Treatment:Treatment for heart disease will depend on the specific condition but may include medications to help manage the heart’s function and remove excess fluid. Regular veterinary check-ups and monitoring are essential for dogs with
heart disease.
5. Allergies and Irritants
Just like humans, dogs can develop allergies to certain environmental factors like pollen, dust mites, mold, or chemicals. These allergens can cause coughing, wheezing, and gagging. Smoke, perfumes, and cleaning chemicals can also irritate a dog’s respiratory
system.
Symptoms of Allergies:
- Sneezing or coughing
- Runny eyes or nose
- Itchy skin or ears
- Wheezing or labored breathing
Treatment:To manage allergies, try to identify the irritant and eliminate it from your dog’s environment. If the symptoms are severe, consult your vet for antihistamines or other medications that can help relieve discomfort.
6. Canine Bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis is a condition where the airways become inflamed, leading to coughing and difficulty breathing. This can result from long-term exposure to irritants like smoke or allergens or from infections.
Symptoms of Canine Bronchitis:
- Persistent coughing (often worse at night or in the morning)
- Wheezing or labored breathing
- Exercise intolerance
- Cyanosis (blue-tinged gums)
Treatment:Treatment usually involves corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, bronchodilators to help open the airways, and antibiotics if a bacterial infection is present. Avoidance of irritants is also crucial.
7. Reverse Sneezing
Reverse sneezing occurs when a dog rapidly inhales air through its nose, which can sound alarming, like choking or coughing. While the noise may seem dramatic, it’s usually harmless and caused by irritation in the throat or soft palate.
Symptoms of Reverse Sneezing:
- Rapid, noisy inhalation
- Gagging or coughing afterward
- Occasional discharge from the nose
- Temporary episodes that resolve quickly
Treatment:In most cases, reverse sneezing resolves on its own. If your dog is experiencing frequent or prolonged episodes, consult your vet to rule out underlying health problems.
8. Infections or Pneumonia
Bacterial or viral infections in a dog’s respiratory system can lead to coughing and choking sounds. Pneumonia, a severe lung infection, is a particularly dangerous condition that can cause fluid buildup in the lungs, leading to coughing, difficulty breathing,
and distress.
Symptoms of Infections/Pneumonia:
- Persistent coughing
- Difficulty breathing
- Fever
- Lethargy or lack of appetite
- Nasal discharge
Treatment:Infections or pneumonia require veterinary attention. Treatment typically includes antibiotics or antiviral medication, along with fluids and supportive care to help your dog recover.
9. Aspiration Pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonia occurs when a dog inhales food, liquid, or vomit into its lungs. This can result in an infection in the lungs and cause symptoms similar to choking, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
Symptoms of Aspiration Pneumonia:
- Coughing, gagging, or choking
- Difficulty breathing or shallow breaths
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
Treatment:Aspiration pneumonia is a medical emergency. Your vet will likely recommend hospitalization, antibiotics, and oxygen therapy to help your dog recover.
When to See a Vet
While some cases of choking and coughing in dogs can be managed at home, others require prompt veterinary attention. You should seek veterinary care if your dog exhibits any of the following:
- Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
- Persistent or severe coughing lasting more than a day or two
- Gagging or choking that doesn’t resolve quickly
- Bluish gums or tongue (a sign of lack of oxygen)
- Lethargy, loss of appetite, or other signs of distress
How to Prevent Choking and Coughing in Dogs
Preventing choking and coughing largely depends on the underlying cause. Here are some general tips to reduce your dog’s risk:
- Avoid small toys or objects that your dog can swallow or choke on.
- Use a harness instead of a collar to avoid pressure on the trachea.
- Ensure your dog’s food is appropriate for its size and breed to prevent choking while eating.
- Minimize exposure to irritants like smoke, dust, or harsh chemicals.
- Keep your dog’s weight in check, as obesity can worsen conditions like collapsing trachea or heart disease.
Conclusion
Choking and coughing in dogs can be alarming, but understanding the potential causes can help you respond appropriately. Whether it’s a mild case of reverse sneezing or a more serious condition like pneumonia or heart disease, being able to recognize
the symptoms and take action is crucial. Always consult with your veterinarian to determine the best course of action for your pet’s health.
By monitoring your dog’s behavior and maintaining regular vet check-ups, you can ensure that your pet leads a happy, healthy life without suffering from chronic coughing or choking episodes.
